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Author’s  foreword  to “Fatherland”

 

Over 17 years ago in March 1990, in the middle of the euphoria that gripped Germany after the fall of the Berlin Wall, (known in German as the Wende) I created the painting “Fatherland” on the remnant of the Wall that is now the East Side Gallery. My hope was that the painting would act as a warning against a potential reunification of fascistic philosophies, a tendency that was already at this time becoming difficult to ignore.

Because of the fear of burgeoning neo-fascism that I expressed with this work, I was accused of being an unworldly fool who recklessly exaggerated the situation and damaged my country with my defamatory work. Those who criticized my viewpoint were firm in their belief that that Nazi-stuff was part of the past and had been so for decades nearly fifty years. Unfortunately, their optimistic prognosis for the future has not become the reality. I wish it had.

Instead, in the years since my worst fears have more than been realized, not only in the social situation here in Germany but also in political events abroad. This terrible truth has been brought home to me through the numerous fascistic attacks that have been perpetrated against myself personally and against my painting on the East Side Gallery.

Although the painting, an image bringing the German and Israeli flags together, was conceived as a symbol of peace and international understanding, it was defaced with fanatic slogans or completely destroyed forty-four times in seventeen years. Just as often have I returned to restore the painting in order to set an example, particularly for young people, of public resistance to all forms of ideological fanaticism. Titles such as “traitor to the fatherland”, “Jewish pig”, “desecrator of the flag” have been among the least damaging insults. Calls of “Sieg Heil” from passing cars have become a bitter normality, and with undisguised hatred hands have been raised to me in the Hitler salute. In one case I even found it necessary to physically defend myself. Anonymous death threats continue to come to me over the telephone.

Fortunately, such attacks have been counterbalanced by hundreds of positive experiences. Support has been expressed by local residents and passers by, as well as by foreign visitors, who have come to the East Side Gallery specifically to see the painting. This support, along with the outpouring of positive and touching responses / letters from around the world, has given me the energy to repaint these ten meters of the Berlin Wall again and again.

The artworks created on the Wall’s previously taboo-laden east side have changed this monument of a divided Germany into a symbol of having overcome this division and given the Wall its own internal dynamic. The attacks and subsequent restoration of “Fatherland” over the years, have also made it into a mirror of the German and international states of mind, which with each passing year seem to become more deeply scarred with intolerance and blind hatred.

After riding the emotional roller coaster of rejection and encouragement for some time, I came to realize that I was only holding the brush. History itself was directing the movement. To the blind fanaticism I encountered, I responded with non-violent action, my answer to the question of what is stronger: you or I, intolerance or freedom?

It would have been easy at many times at any time to simply admit defeat by saying, “I don’t want to anymore,” to have gone down on my knees before in to the brown demagoguery. To submit, however, would have been tantamount to calling all my work up to that point into question. The driving force behind my continued efforts on this “work against corruptive influences” as one journalist termed it “Arbeit am Verdorbenen” was the opportunity it presented to engage in open and constructive dialogue with young people. These discussions, whether critical or supportive, have generally had one thing in common, expressing concern about the future. It is this ongoing dialogue that determines the real meaning of my work. Undoubtedly, it is also this dialogue that has helped me to avoid deteriorating into the trap of becoming just another artistic Don Quixote, moving from one rescue action to the next. 

Time and again, friends and colleagues, although politically like-minded, have said to me with the best of intentions, “Just give it up. There’s no point.” I have not because my interaction with young people has taught me to question whether a ban on right-radical parties is a truly viable solution, and to understand that supporting an ongoing dialogue in the minds of young people presents the best opportunity of developing an atmosphere of tolerance, a frame of mind that is inherently counterproductive to right-radical perspectives.

In my opinion, the root of this current evil stems from the documented fact that a large segment of the older generation ignored their responsibility as parents and role-models, and left the youth of this nation to come to their own understanding and way of coping with this the most negative subject in the darkest chapter in German history. The reasons for this are manifold. Like so many millions of others in Germany, I grew up in a we-didn’t-know-anything family, with a wall of silence. I was lucky that a pivotal experience in my childhood enabled me to find a way through this wall and set off on the journey of discovery that with time led to the creation of the original version of the “Fatherland-Flag”. As one of thousands in Germany who grew up with this silence, my hope is that my example be understood not simply as a lecture, but more as a suggestion to consider how you too can act to improve this deplorable state of affairs.

How important it is to take action has been all too sadly emphasized by the fact that by the middle of the 1990s this reunified, and increasing powerful country had already experienced the traumas of Rostock, Solingen, Mölln, Hoyersweda, as well as the burning of a synagogue in Lübeck. A short, angry, collective outcry in the form of a string of lights threw little light into the deficit in knowledge of history from which young people suffer. Although the action itself was well meant, today, however, that string of lights seem to be little more that a flash in the pan. Its effect was short-lived, and did not even manage to give an internationally valid alibi to German politicians. People simply went back to their everyday lives. How easy it was to dismiss those responsible for these atrocities as simply an ideologically fanatical minority, then.

The effects of this inaction have surfaced over time as new attacks have continued to occur. Meanwhile, the reunified population has looked on from the sidelines, comfortable, self-satisfied, and apparently lacking any real feeling of responsibility. In these years, we have wasted the opportunity to educate the children who today as teenagers and young adults are presented with a world to which the image and grotesque face of the ugly German has returned. This destructive silence on the part of the majority continues to feed the flames of fascism, a wildfire that must be extinguished. As long as the older generation remains silent about xenophobia, intolerance and racism, they close the door on dialogue with young people and thus open the door to all forms of fanaticism, and leave our future to fascistic demagogues. This deadly virus in the minds of our young people will spread to the extent that we keep silent about it.

The post-world war two history of Germany is just one example of how democracy works to the highest good of society. The trauma of 11 September 2001 has served to emphasize that democracy is a social good we must continue to fight for and protect. This can only happen when we consciously engage in the democratic process every day, teach and learn from its freedoms, and constantly work to push back the limits of our own ability for dialogue even, or perhaps especially, when it is uncomfortable, or even painful. My hope is that this work helps make a decisive contribution to this process.

 

Günther Schaefer

 

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